local export = {}
local m_table = require("Module:table")
local u = require("Module:string/char")
local rfind = mw.ustring.find
local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub
local rmatch = mw.ustring.match
local rsplit = mw.text.split
local usub = mw.ustring.sub
local ulen = mw.ustring.len
-- version of rsubn() that discards all but the first return value
local function rsub(term, foo, bar)
local retval = rsubn(term, foo, bar)
return retval
end
-- apply function repeatedly until no change
local function do_sub_repeatedly(term, fun)
while true do
local new_term = fun(term)
if new_term == term then
return term
end
term = new_term
end
end
-- apply rsub() repeatedly until no change
local function rsub_repeatedly(term, foo, bar)
while true do
local new_term = rsub(term, foo, bar)
if new_term == term then
return term
end
term = new_term
end
end
local grave = u(0x300)
local acute = u(0x301)
local stress = u(0x2C8)
local secondary_stress = u(0x2CC)
local tie = u(0x361)
local correspondences = {
["а"] = "a",
["б"] = "b",
["в"] = "v",
["г"] = "ɣ",
["ґ"] = "ɡ",
["д"] = "d",
["дз"] = "d" .. tie .. "z",
["дж"] = "d" .. tie .. "ʐ",
["е"] = "ʲe", -- or ɛ
["ё"] = "ʲo",
["ж"] = "ʐ",
["з"] = "z",
["і"] = "ʲi",
["й"] = "j",
["к"] = "k",
["л"] = "l",
["м"] = "m",
["н"] = "n",
["о"] = "o", -- or ɔ
["п"] = "p",
["р"] = "r",
["с"] = "s",
["т"] = "t",
["у"] = "u",
["ў"] = "w",
["ф"] = "f",
["х"] = "x",
["ц"] = "t" .. tie .. "s",
["ч"] = "t" .. tie .. "ʂ",
["ш"] = "ʂ",
["ы"] = "ɨ",
["ь"] = "ʲ",
["э"] = "ɛ",
["ю"] = "ʲu",
["я"] = "ʲa",
[acute] = stress,
[grave] = secondary_stress,
-- Space
[" "] = " ",
-- Apostrophes
[u(0x27)] = "j",
[u(0x2019)] = "j",
[u(0x2BC)] = "j"
}
local devoicing = {
['b'] = 'p', ['d'] = 't', ['ɡ'] = 'k',
['z'] = 's', ['ʐ'] = 'ʂ', ['ɣ'] = 'x'
}
local voicing = {
['p'] = 'b', ['t'] = 'd', ['k'] = 'ɡ',
['s'] = 'z', ['ʂ'] = 'ʐ', ['x'] = 'ɣ',
['f'] = 'v'
}
local vowel = "aeɛiɨou"
local vowel_c = "[" .. vowel .. "]"
local consonant = "jmnlrvwbdzʐɡɣpftskxʂ"
local consonant_c = "[" .. consonant .. "]"
local accent = stress .. secondary_stress
local accent_c = "[" .. accent .. "]"
local perm_syl_onset = m_table.listToSet({
'spr', 'str', 'skr', 'spl', 'skl',
'sp', 'st', 'sk', 'sf', 'sx', 'sl', 'sm', 'sn',
-- WARNING, IPA ɡ used in the next two lines (and throughout this module)
'pr', 'br', 'tr', 'dr', 'kr', 'ɡr', 'ɣr', 'fr', 'xr',
'pl', 'bl', 'kl', 'ɡl', 'ɣl', 'fl', 'xl',
})
local function move_stress(transcription)
-- The following logic for placing the stress mark on a syllable boundary is copied from
-- [[Module:uk-pronunciation]].
-- (1) Put the stress mark before the final consonant of a cluster (if any).
transcription = rsub(transcription, "([^#" .. vowel .. "]?[ʲː]*" .. vowel_c .. ")(" .. accent_c .. ")", "%2%1")
-- (2) Continue moving it over the rest of an affricate with a tie bar.
transcription = rsub(transcription, "([^#" .. vowel .. "]͡)(" .. accent_c .. ")", "%2%1")
-- (3) Continue moving it over any "permanent onset" clusters (e.g. st, skr, pl, also Cj).
transcription = rsub(transcription, "(.)(ʲ?)(" .. consonant_c .. ")(ʲ?)(" .. accent_c .. ")(" .. consonant_c .. ")",
function(a, aj, b, bj, stress, c)
if perm_syl_onset[a .. b .. c] then
return stress .. a .. aj .. b .. bj .. c
elseif perm_syl_onset[b .. c] or c == "j" then
return a .. aj .. stress .. b .. bj .. c
else
return a .. aj .. b .. bj .. stress .. c
end
end)
-- (4) If we're in the middle of an affricate with a tie bar, continue moving back
-- if the following consonant is /j/, else move forward.
transcription = rsub(transcription, "([^#" .. vowel .. "]͡)(" .. accent_c .. ")(.ʲ?j)", "%2%1%3")
transcription = rsub(transcription, "([^#" .. vowel .. "]͡)(" .. accent_c .. ")(.ʲ?)", "%1%3%2")
-- (5) Move back over any remaining consonants at the beginning of a word.
transcription = rsub(transcription, "#([^#" .. vowel .. "]+)(" .. accent_c .. ")", "#%2%1")
-- (6) Move back over u̯ or i̯ at the beginning of a word.
transcription = rsub(transcription, "#([ui]̯)(" .. accent_c .. ")", "#%2%1")
return transcription
end
local function assimilate_voicing(transcription)
return do_sub_repeatedly(transcription, function(text)
text = rsub(text, "([bdɡɣzʐ])([ʲː" .. tie .. "]*[ptkfxsʂ#])", function(a, b)
return devoicing[a] .. b end)
text = rsub(text, "([ptkfxsʂ])([ʲː" .. tie .. "]*v?[ʲː" .. tie .. "]*[bdɡɣzʐ])", function(a, b)
return voicing[a] .. b end)
return text
end)
end
local function assimilate_sibilants(transcription)
return rsub_repeatedly(transcription, "[sʂzʐ]([td]?" .. tie .. "?)([sʂzʐ])", "%2%1%2")
end
-- Can probably be simplified
local function assimilate_palatals(transcription)
return do_sub_repeatedly(transcription, function(text)
text = rsub(text, "([bzɡɣpfskxmnlv])%1ʲ", "%1ʲ%1ʲ")
text = rsub(text, "([szn])j", "%1ʲj")
text = rsub(text, "([sn])(" .. accent_c .. "?[td]" .. tie .. "[sz]ʲ)", "%1ʲ%2")
text = rsub(text, "([sz])([nl])ʲ", "%1ʲ%2ʲ")
-- No assimilation in a final, non-initial syllable
text = rsub_repeatedly(text, "([sz])([bmpfv])ʲ([^#]*" .. vowel_c .. "[^#]*" .. vowel_c .. ")", "%1ʲ%2ʲ%3")
text = rsub(text, "#([^#" .. vowel .. "]*)([sz])([bmpfv])ʲ", "%1%2ʲ%3ʲ")
text = rsub(text, "([td]" .. tie .. "[sz])vʲ", "%1ʲvʲ")
text = rsub(text, "tsʲ", "t" .. tie .. "sʲsʲ")
text = rsub(text, "dzʲ", "d" .. tie .. "zʲzʲ")
text = rsub(text, "tt" .. tie .. "sʲ", "t" .. tie .. "sʲt" .. tie .. "sʲ")
text = rsub(text, "dd" .. tie .. "zʲ", "d" .. tie .. "zʲd" .. tie .. "zʲ")
return text
end)
end
local function convert(text)
-- convert commas and em/en dashes to IPA foot boundaries
text = rsub(text, '%s*[,–—]%s*', ' | ')
-- convert hyphen to space
text = rsub(text, "%-", " ")
-- canonicalize spaces
text = rsub(text, "%s+", " ")
text = rsub(text, "^%s", "")
text = rsub(text, "%s$", "")
local working_string = mw.ustring.lower(text)
local IPA = {}
while ulen(working_string) > 0 do
local IPA_letter
local letter = usub(working_string, 1, 1)
local twoletters = usub(working_string, 1, 2) or ""
if correspondences[twoletters] then
IPA_letter = correspondences[twoletters]
working_string = usub(working_string, 3)
else
IPA_letter = correspondences[letter] or letter
working_string = usub(working_string, 2)
end
table.insert(IPA, IPA_letter)
end
IPA = table.concat(IPA)
-- Mark word boundaries
IPA = rsub(IPA, "(%s+)", "#%1#")
IPA = "#" .. IPA .. "#"
-- Change ʲ to j between vowels or after another ʲ.
IPA = rsub_repeatedly(IPA, "([#w" .. vowel .. "ʲ]" .. accent_c .. "?)ʲ(" .. vowel_c .. ")", "%1j%2")
IPA = rsub(IPA, "jʲ", "j")
-- /г/ is a stop in /зг/, /жг/
IPA = rsub(IPA, "([sʂzʐ])ɣ", "%1ɡ")
-- Mark stress
IPA = rsub_repeatedly(IPA, "(#[^#o" .. stress .. "]*)o([^#o" .. stress .. "]*[aeɛiɨu][^#o" .. stress .. "]*#)", "%1o" .. stress .. "%2")
IPA = rsub_repeatedly(IPA, "(#[^#o" .. stress .. "]*[aeɛiɨu][^#o" .. stress .. "]*)o([^#o" .. stress .. "]*#)", "%1o" .. stress .. "%2")
-- Syllable-final /в/ is [u̯]
IPA = rsub_repeatedly(IPA, "([" .. vowel .. accent .. "]+)w([^" .. vowel .. "])", "%1u̯%2")
return IPA
end
function export.toIPA(term)
-- Returns an error if the word contains alphabetic characters that are not Cyrillic.
require("Module:script utilities").checkScript(term, "Cyrl")
IPA = convert(term)
-- Voicing assimilation
IPA = assimilate_voicing(IPA)
-- Sibilant assimilation
IPA = assimilate_sibilants(IPA)
-- Palatal assimilation
IPA = assimilate_palatals(IPA)
-- Soft and hard /л/
IPA = rsub(IPA, "l([^ʲ])", "ɫ%1")
-- Convert identical consonant sequences to geminates
IPA = rsub(IPA, "([td]" .. tie .. "[szʂʐ]ʲ?)%1", "%1ː")
IPA = rsub_repeatedly(IPA, "([^" .. tie .. "])([bdzʐɡɣpftskxʂmnlrjvw]ʲ?)%2", "%1%2ː")
IPA = move_stress(IPA)
-- Remove #s
IPA = rsub(IPA, "#", "")
return IPA
end
function export.remove_pron_notations(text, remove_grave)
-- Remove grave accents from annotations but maybe not from phonetic respelling
if remove_grave then
text = mw.ustring.toNFC(rsub(mw.ustring.toNFD(text), grave, ""))
end
return text
end
function export.show(frame)
local params = {
[1] = {},
["ann"] = {},
}
local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
local args = require("Module:parameters").process(frame:getParent().args, params)
local term = args[1] or title.nsText == "Template" and "пры́клад" or title.text
local IPA = export.toIPA(term)
IPA = "[" .. IPA .. "]"
IPA = require("Module:IPA").format_IPA_full {
lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("be"),
items = {{ pron = IPA }},
}
local anntext
if args.ann == "1" or args.ann == "y" then
-- remove secondary stress annotations
anntext = "'''" .. export.remove_pron_notations(term, true) .. "''': "
elseif args.ann then
anntext = "'''" .. args.ann .. "''': "
else
anntext = ""
end
return anntext .. IPA
end
return export
