local export = {}
local m_params = require("Module:parameters")
local m_IPA = require("Module:IPA")
local m_syllables = require("Module:syllables")
local m_links = require("Module:links")
local m_script_utils = require("Module:script utilities")
local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("sk")
local sc = require("Module:scripts").getByCode("Latn")
local sub = mw.ustring.sub
local gsub = mw.ustring.gsub
local find = mw.ustring.find
local match = mw.ustring.match
local gmatch = mw.ustring.gmatch
local U = require("Module:string/char")
local long = "ː"
local nonsyllabic = U(0x32F) -- inverted breve below
local syllabic = U(0x0329)
local tie = U(0x361) -- combining double inverted breve
local primary_stress = "ˈ"
local secondary_stress = "ˌ"
local data = {
["á"] = "a" .. long,
["ä"] = "ɛɐ" .. nonsyllabic,
["c"] = "t" .. tie .. "s",
["č"] = "t" .. tie .. "ʃ",
["ď"] = "ɟ",
["dz"] = "d" .. tie .. "z",
["dž"] = "d" .. tie .. "ʒ",
["é"] = "e" .. long,
["g"] = "ɡ",
["h"] = "ɦ",
["ch"] = "x",
["í"] = "i" .. long,
["ĺ"] = "l" .. syllabic .. long,
["ľ"] = "ʎ",
["ň"] = "ɲ",
["o"] = "ɔ",
["ó"] = "o" .. long,
["ô"] = "u" .. nonsyllabic .. "o",
["ö"] = "œ",
["q"] = "kv",
["ŕ"] = "r" .. syllabic .. long,
["š"] = "ʃ",
["ť"] = "c",
["ú"] = "u" .. long,
["ü"] = "y",
["w"] = "ʋ", -- most common IPA representation as in "kov"
["x"] = "ks",
["y"] = "i",
["ý"] = "i" .. long,
["ž"] = "ʒ",
["ia"] = "i" .. nonsyllabic .. "a",
["ie"] = "i" .. nonsyllabic .. "e",
["iu"] = "i" .. nonsyllabic .. "u",
["\""] = primary_stress,
["%"] = secondary_stress,
["^"] = syllabic, -- a respelling to force syllabic
}
-- Add data["a"] = "a", data["b"] = "b", etc.
for character in gmatch("abdefijklmnprstuvz ", ".") do
data[character] = character
end
--Define alveolars, front vowels, and palatalized consonants
local alveolars_ortho = { "t", "d", "n", "l"}
local front_vowels_ortho = { "e", "é", "i", "í", "ie", "ia"}
local palatalized_ortho = {
["t"] = "ť",
["d"] = "ď",
["n"] = "ň",
["l"] = "ľ",
}
-- [==[ Phonological rules ]==]
--[[
This is used to replace multiple-character sounds
with numbers, which makes it easier to process them. ]]
local multiple_char = {
"t" .. tie .. "s", "t" .. tie .. "ʃ", "d" .. tie .. "z", "d" .. tie .. "ʒ",
}
local singlechar = {}
for number, character in pairs(multiple_char) do
singlechar[character] = tostring(number)
end
local voiceless = { "p", "t", "c", "k", "f", "s", "ʃ", "x", "1", "2", }
local voiced = { "b", "d", "ɟ", "ɡ", "v", "z", "ʒ", "ɦ", "3", "4", }
local sonorants = { "m", "n", "ɲ", "r", "l", "ʎ", "j", }
local features = {}
local indices = {}
for i, consonant in pairs(voiceless) do
if not features[consonant] then
features[consonant] = {}
end
features[consonant]["voicing"] = false
indices[consonant] = i
end
for i, consonant in pairs (voiced) do
if not features[consonant] then
features[consonant] = {}
end
features[consonant]["voicing"] = true
indices[consonant] = i
end
local function palatalize_orthography(term)
for _, alv in ipairs(alveolars_ortho) do
for _, vow in ipairs(front_vowels_ortho) do
local pattern = alv .. vow
local replacement = palatalized_ortho[alv] .. vow
term = gsub(term, pattern, replacement)
end
end
return term
end
local function devoice_finally(IPA)
local voiced_obstruent = "[" .. table.concat(voiced) .. "]"
local final_voiced_obstruent = match(IPA, voiced_obstruent .. "+$") or match(IPA, voiced_obstruent .. "+%s")
if final_voiced_obstruent then
local replacement = {}
local length = mw.ustring.len(final_voiced_obstruent)
for i = 1, length do
local consonant = sub(final_voiced_obstruent, i, i)
local index = indices[consonant]
local devoiced = voiceless[index]
table.insert(replacement, devoiced)
end
replacement = table.concat(replacement)
-- This will cause problems if the same consonant cluster occurs elsewhere in the term.
IPA = gsub(IPA, final_voiced_obstruent, replacement)
end
return IPA
end
local function syllabicize_sonorants(IPA)
local sonorant = gsub("[" .. table.concat(sonorants) .. "]", "[ɲʎj]", "") -- all except ɲ and ʎ and j
local obstruent = "[" .. table.concat(voiced) .. table.concat(voiceless) .. "]"
local consonant = "[" .. gsub(sonorant .. obstruent, "[%[%]]", "") .. "]"
-- between a consonant and an obstruent
IPA = gsub(IPA, "(" .. consonant .. sonorant .. ")(" .. obstruent .. ")", "%1" .. syllabic .. "%2")
-- at the beginning of a word before an obstruent
IPA = gsub(IPA, "^(" .. sonorant .. ")(" .. obstruent .. ")", "%1" .. syllabic .. "%2")
-- at the end of a word after an obstruent
IPA = gsub(IPA, "(" .. obstruent .. sonorant .. ")$", "%1" .. syllabic)
return IPA
end
local function add_stress(IPA)
local syllable_count = m_syllables.getVowels(IPA, lang)
if not syllable_count then
-- words like “čln” or “v” contain no designated vowels, yet they are
-- valid Slovak words
-- error("Could not count syllables of " .. IPA)
syllable_count = 1
end
if syllable_count > 1 and not find(IPA, " ") then
IPA = primary_stress .. IPA
end
return IPA
end
local function apply_rules(IPA)
-- Replace multiple-character units with numbers.
for sound, character in pairs(singlechar) do
IPA = gsub(IPA, sound, character)
end
IPA = devoice_finally(IPA)
IPA = syllabicize_sonorants(IPA)
IPA = add_stress(IPA)
-- Change double to single consonants.
local consonant = "[" .. table.concat(sonorants) .. table.concat(voiceless) .. table.concat(voiced) .. "]"
IPA = gsub(IPA, "(" .. consonant .. ")%1", "%1")
-- Replace numbers with multiple-character units.
for sound, character in pairs(singlechar) do
IPA = gsub(IPA, character, sound)
end
return IPA
end
function export.toIPA(term)
term = palatalize_orthography(term)
local IPA = {}
local transcription = mw.ustring.lower(term)
local working_string = transcription
while mw.ustring.len(working_string) > 0 do
local IPA_letter
local letter = sub(working_string, 1, 1)
local twoletters = sub(working_string, 1, 2) or ""
if data[twoletters] then
IPA_letter = data[twoletters]
working_string = sub(working_string, 3)
else
IPA_letter = data[letter] or error('The letter "' .. tostring(letter) .. '" is not a member of the Slovak alphabet.')
working_string = sub(working_string, 2)
end
table.insert(IPA, IPA_letter)
end
IPA = table.concat(IPA)
IPA = apply_rules(IPA)
return IPA, transcription
end
function export.show(frame)
local params = {
[1] = {}
}
local title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
local args = m_params.process(frame:getParent().args, params)
local term = args[1] or title.nsText == "Template" and "príklad" or title.text
local IPA = export.toIPA(term)
IPA = "[" .. IPA .. "]"
IPA = m_IPA.format_IPA_full { lang = lang, items = {{ pron = IPA }} }
return IPA
end
function export.example(frame)
local params = {
[1] = { required = true },
["term"] = {}
}
local args = m_params.process(frame.args, params)
local term = args["term"] or args[1]
local transcribable = args[1]
local IPA, transcribable = export.toIPA(transcribable)
IPA = "[" .. IPA .. "]"
IPA = m_IPA.format_IPA_full { lang = lang, items = {{ pron = IPA }} }
link = m_links.full_link( { term = term, lang = lang, sc = sc }, "term" )
return link .. ( term ~= transcribable and ( " (" .. m_script_utils.tag_text(transcribable, lang, nil, "term") .. ") — " ) or " — " ) .. IPA
end
return export
